Pak india conflicts

 

   The Pakistan-India conflicts are a series of political and military tensions between the two countries, primarily rooted in the dispute over the Kashmir region. Here's a concise summary of the major conflicts:

1. First Kashmir War (1947–1948)

Triggered after the partition of British India.

Resulted in a UN-brokered ceasefire and the division of Kashmir into Indian-administered and Pakistani-administered parts.

2. Second Kashmir War (1965)

Pakistan launched Operation Gibraltar to infiltrate forces into Jammu and Kashmir.

Ended in a stalemate with a ceasefire brokered by the Tashkent Agreement.

3. Bangladesh Liberation War / Third War (1971)

India supported East Pakistan’s (now Bangladesh) independence movement.

Led to the creation of Bangladesh and a decisive Indian victory.

4. Kargil Conflict (1999)

Pakistani soldiers and militants occupied strategic positions in Indian territory.

India recaptured the territory after intense fighting; international pressure led Pakistan to withdraw.

5. Other Tensions

Terrorism (e.g., 2001 Indian Parliament attack, 2008 Mumbai attacks).

Surgical strikes by India (2016) and Balakot airstrike (2019).

Diplomatic standoffs, ceasefire violations along the Line of Control (LoC), and water disputes.

6. Current Status

Ceasefire agreement renewed in 2021.

Relations remain tense, but full-scale war has been avoided recently.