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The Pakistan Army is widely regarded as one of the more capable conventional forces in South Asiaβand indeed the world. Hereβs a snapshot of its βqualityβ in global terms:

1. Global Firepower Ranking
2025 PowerIndex: 0.2513
Global Rank: 12th out of 145 nations
(By comparison, India is 4th with 0.1184; the U.S. tops the list at 0.0744.)

2. Key Strengths
Manpower
~654,000 active personnel (plus ~500,000 reserves and paramilitary)
Armored & Mechanized
~2,627 main battle tanks, including modern Al-Khalid and upgraded Chinese Type 85 variants
Air Power
~418 combat aircraft (including the indigenously co-developed JF-17 Thunder)
Robust rotary-wing fleet for mobility and counter-insurgency
Artillery & Rockets
Strong self-propelled artillery park and multiple-launch rocket systems, often cited as one of Pakistanβs comparative advantages
Nuclear Deterrent
~170 strategic warheads (not counted in conventional PowerIndex, but a critical factor in overall deterrence)
3. Modernization & Training
Indigenous Programs: Co-development of JF-17 fighters and Al-Khalid tanks; expanding drone and electronic warfare capabilities.
International Exercises: Regular drills with Chinese, Turkish, and (historically) U.S. forcesβsharpening interoperability and counter-terror skills.
Counter-Insurgency Expertise: Decades of operations along the Afghan border and in Kashmir have forged a highly experienced light-infantry and special-operations cadre.
4. Challenges & Limitations
Budget Constraints: Defence spending hovers around 2.8β3.0 % of GDP, limiting large-scale modernization.
Logistics & Sustainment: Difficult terrain in the north and southwest places a premium on specialized transport and supply chains.
Equipment Obsolescence: Legacy platforms (e.g., older tank and aircraft models) still in service alongside newer systems.
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Bottom Line
With a top-15 standing in the Global Firepower Indexβ12th overallβPakistanβs Army combines significant conventional muscle (tanks, artillery, air power) with nuclear deterrence and hard-won counter-insurgency expertise. Ongoing modernization efforts (JF-17, Al-Khalid, drones) continue to bolster its quality, even as budgetary and logistical challenges remain.
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